Last Saturday my outdoor cycling group had their last organized ride of the season. It was a beautiful day in Denver, no wind and the temperature ranged from 50-70 degrees. This group has a wide range of abilities, there are men and women, young and old, husbands and wives, parents and children, $700 and $7000 bikes. As a group we ride well together we often split apart on hills, but the faster riders wait at the top so we can continue the ride together, no one is ever dropped. Though our routes are often different we always end up at the Starbucks in downtown Golden, Colorado, for a latte break. This day the ride had a bit of different feel to it. With it being the last ride of the year I think everyone wanted to test their hard fought fitness and every tiny bump in the road to every longer climb was an all out race to the top, man was it fun! The faster riders knew that at the top of every hill they would have time to recover as they waited for the slower riders to catch up. This recovery time just added to the intensity of each and every climb. Needless to say, by the time we made it to Starbucks in Golden some of us were already “cooked” and we still had 20 more miles to go. As we ride out of Golden there is a long stretch of about 8 miles of fairly flat roads with no “Stop” signs or traffic lights. We usually don't race every hill, like earlier in the ride, but we ALWAYS race this section. As we slowly rolled out of Starbucks we merged with two other groups and got caught at the last traffic light before the long 8 mile stretch. It was so cool to see about 40 riders all waiting for this light, everyone enjoying this beautiful day and knowing the “race” was about to begin. When that light turned green “it was ON”! Unfortunately I was not in front when the light changed and I could see the leaders start pulling away, but I thought “no problem, I can close that gap.” Well, I'm sorry to say that after a few “overflown sinks” I was never able to “close that gap”.
While I was out there “filling up my sink” for 8 miles and never getting closer than 50 yards to the lead group I thought that this would be a great indoor cycling set. The goal of my “Close the Gap” set is to ride below threshold wattage for a 2-3 minutes then spend 1-2 minutes bringing the average wattage back up to or “on the wheel” of the riders threshold wattage and repeat. When I coach this set I like to keep the timer running so it becomes increasingly harder to elevate the average wattage the further into the set the riders go. This teaches the riders the importance of pacing, if the average wattage drops too low it will take harder and/or longer efforts to bring it back up, as there is a limited amount of time anyone can maintain an above threshold effort the rider may never be able to bring the average wattage back up to threshold levels. Similar to the way I was never able to catch or “close the gap” to the leading group last Saturday.
3 song harmonically mixed track, to download Right Click > Save As / Save Target As to download. Open in iTunes and then you'll see this in your Spotify Local File folder.
I collect stuff; articles, observations, suggestions and random ideas that I feel could make for an interesting post or interview. Not everything is worthy of the time needed to research and craft into an article – but I feel are still worthy of sharing. Here are the latest:
Why So Many Women Are Crying at the Gym?
Great question and this article in Time Magazine explains a bit more of why many women love SoulCycle classes:
For a generation of stressed-out working women, exercise is as much about emotional release as it is physical training.
You could go to therapy — or you could hit the gym. Women are getting teary in SoulCycle, and misty-eyed at Pure Barre. They are letting out wails in yoga and rubbing the shoulder of the weepy woman next to them at CrossFit. “I think people have started to notice that their clients are just showing up to class and just unloading, and so they’re tailoring their classes to create space for this,” says Hayes, who is a pilates instructor by day. “When I take private clients I end up feeling like a therapist for them.”
These fitness instructors aren’t trained in that, of course. But they’ve probably been there.
It’s not an accident that just as you’re starting to relax, coming down from the adrenaline, you’re blasted with a throaty ballad. Those playlists are meticulously constructed. “I’ve been teaching for almost 20 years, so I’ve basically seen it all: crying, laughing, throwing up, overheating,” says Stacey Griffith, a Soul Cycle instructor. “There are moments in the class that are directly programmed for that reason — but it’s not like we’re trying to get people to cry. We’re giving them the space to step outside of themselves.”
Great example of how mixing in key can create energy
I was reading this article in the WSJ ANATOMY OF A SONG How the Kinks Roughed Up Their Sound If you're an old Kinks fan you'll enjoy learning how they created their special sound in the days before digital music – poking holes in the speakers with a knitting needle.
Near the end of the article Ray Davies, the song’s composer and band’s lead singer, makes a reference to key changes in the song The Kinks — You Really Got Me and the effect they had:
Once teens saw us and heard our metallic sound, the excitement built and the single took off after its release the following week. Part of what the audience was responding to was the song’s key shift from G to A. The more natural and melodic place for the song to go was from G to C or D. But I wanted it to go to A, which was quite revolutionary then. There’s something about that full step up that feels like acceleration and raises the excitement level. The progression actually made me shudder when I originally came up with it.
Turn up the volume, and listen to with your eyes closed – do you hear what he's describing? Are there time in your class where a similar change could be valuable?
http://youtu.be/S7ffgqjcH40
Will women be wearing corsets in your class soon?
I hope not. It seems that fitness expert Kim Kardashian has started a trend called “waist training” using an old fashion corset and many of her followers are lacing up these devices of torture and giving it a try:
However, “own photos” seem to be a big part of waist training. And so I decide to wear the corset to spinning class and possibly take an own photo afterward. Apparently, this is what Kim Kardashian does: She waist-trains at the gym, then she takes an “own photo.” I don’t really like spinning that much, but I go to this particular class because it’s very leisurely. For example, we keep spinning to “California Love,” which is kind of slow. Every song is the pace of a stroll in the French countryside.
Before I go to the gym, I put my corset on under a gigantic shirt. It’s slightly easier to put on today. Perhaps I am training my waist? I can even walk to the gym without getting too winded.
Unfortunately, actually spinning is a bit harder. I am only one minute into “California Love” when I start feeling very out of breath. I unbutton the first snaps of my corset. Then the spinning instructor puts on “Bang Bang” by Jessie J. She has never done something like this before, and I am quite displeased. What an energetic song. It’s almost entirely screaming. My corset can’t stand the stress. I start unsnapping more buttons under my huge shirt, even though everyone in spin class is looking at me, wondering what I am doing under the shirt. I throw the corset near my bike. I do not take an own photo. I decide to take a couple of days off from waist-training.
I'd love to hear if/when one shows up in your class 🙂
As many of you know I was recently selected as a Master Educator by Stages Indoor Cycling. Last Saturday I led my first workshop at Cherry Creek Athletic Club in Denver and it was an honor to share the basics of power training with this group of 20 fitness professionals.
I believe FreeMotion S Series bikes (built by the Team at Stages Cycling) are currently the best in the industry. The ability to accurately and directly measure the rider's output is so leading-edge that professional cycling’s Team Sky uses the same power meter technology on their outdoor bikes. Paired with the power console, instructors have all the metrics necessary to lead an exciting power-based indoor cycling class. That being said, we at Stages Indoor Cycling strongly believe that the first step for any instructor to understand and properly “cue-municate” data, requires a thorough grasp of “anchoring” time to effort. The simplest way to do this is to provide consistency with how one describes rate of perceived exertion (RPE).
At Stages we use a RPE scale of 1-10 with 5 being lactate threshold. Lactate threshold is the exercise intensity at which lactate begins to accumulate in the blood stream. If an above threshold intensity is maintained the rider will eventually fatigue and working muscles will fail. When explaining RPE to riders I like to compare the body to a kitchen sink. The working muscles are the sink, the ability of the body to clear or filter waste products, like lactate, is the drain and the intensity or waste products are the amount of water flowing out of the faucet.
When exercising at a RPE of less than 2, water is dripping out of the faucet. The drain can easily keep up with this extremely low flow of water. This low flow would be best associated with:
Zone 1
Active Recovery
Less than 55% of Functional Threshold Power (FTP)
Less than 68% of Functional Threshold Heart Rate (FTHR)
Efforts at this RPE can be held almost indefinitely
Can talk in full sentences, comfortable, light, very easy, recovery, soft pedal
When exercise intensity is increased to a RPE of 2-3, flow increases to a trickle, but the drain can easily match the low flow of water. There is still no accumulation of H2O in the sink. This trickle of water would correspond with:
Zone 2
Endurance Training
56-75% of FTP
69-83% of FTHR
Efforts at this RPE can be maintained for long periods of time
Conversational effort, “social ride”, breathing is slightly elevated, starting to sweat or glisten, this is where you train your muscles to burn fat for fuel
As intensity increases to a RPE of 3-4, water flow increases to a steady stream but the drain can still keep pace with the flow and there still isn’t any accumulation of liquid in the sink. This steady stream of water would most closely correlate with:
Zone 3
Tempo Training
76-90% of FTP
84-94% of FTHR
Efforts at this RPE can be maintained for 60 minutes to 3 hours
Can talk in broken sentences but would rather focus on the work at hand, marathon pace
At a RPE of 4-5 the flow increases and the drain can match the flow but water is on the verge of collecting in the bottom of the sink. The flow and draining capacity are at equilibrium and would most closely parallel with:
Zone 4
Lactate Threshold
91-105% of FTP
95-105% of FTHR
Effort can be maintained for 8-30 minutes
Heavy breathing starts, but not breathless, uncomfortable and challenged, start to feel a little “burn”, maintainable but must stay focused, 10k race pace
At a RPE of 6-7 the surge of water is increased to a point where it begins to accumulate in the sink and if it is not reduced the sink will overflow in 3-8 minutes, depending on the size of the sink. The more trained the rider the bigger the sink. This surge would associate with:
Zone 5
VO2 Max
106-120% of FTP
Greater than 106% of FTHR
Effort can be maintained for only 3-8 minutes
Deep, labored breathing, very uncomfortable, very challenged, above the “Red Line”, rapid breathing as your body tries to vent accumulating waste
At a RPE of 7-8 the gush of water is so great that the sink will overflow in 30 seconds to 3 minutes. This flood of water would most closely resemble:
Zone 6
Anaerobic Capacity
121-151% of FTP
Due to the lag time of the heart HR is not a metric that should be used
Muscles fail in 30 seconds – 3 minutes
Gasping for air, Unable to work harder, very very uncomfortable, burning mostly carbs for fuel.
At a RPE of 9-10 the torrent of water will overflow the sink in less than 30 seconds. This flood is most like:
Zone 7
Neuromuscular Power
Maximum Effort
Muscles will run out of gas in less than 30 seconds, at the end the engine just shuts off
It’s important to explain that when working below threshold or when the drain can keep up with the water flow, RPE remains constant, but when working above threshold or when the drain CAN NOT keep up with the flow, RPE’s are dynamic. If output is held constant, above threshold, a 6 turns into a 7, a 7 turns into an 8, an 8 into a 9 and eventually the muscles fail or the sink overflows and recovery is needed.
As fitness improves the body will build a better “plumbing system” or larger drain and remove waste products more quickly. Also, the brain will build a better lactate buffering system or a larger sink, therefore being able to withstand more and more waste products without reaching muscle failure or “overflowing the sink”.
The 3 song profile I created for this week is titled “Call the Plumber!” The 1st goal of this set is to slowly and steadily increase the riders RPE every 2 minutes until they reach their MAX intensity or the water reaches the very top of the sink. The 2nd goal is to overflow the sink by performing three 20 second maximum efforts with just 10 seconds recovery after each. Try to explain how each RPE should feel as your riders “fill their sink”, then at the end let them make a big mess by working so hard the their sink overflows all over the kitchen floor.
3 song harmonically mixed track to download Right Click > Save As / Save Target As to download on PC or Download Linked File As on Mac. Open in iTunes and then you'll see this in your Spotify Local File folder.
3 song harmonically mixed track AND video Right Click > Save As / Save Target As to download on PC or Download Linked File As on Mac. Open in iTunes and then you'll see this in your Spotify Local File folder.
In the years (okay, decades) that I’ve been helping people conquer sugar addiction, some clients have balked at the idea of giving up sugar all at once: cold turkey, as it’s known. They wanted to wean themselves off sugar a bit at a time.
Experience has taught me that the tapering approach doesn’t work for a number of reasons. Yes, some sugar-users get results by tapering, but everything works for some people. Serious addicts may never get themselves off sugar completely if they feel they can get away with a little bit. That little bit can cause problems.
Relapse
It’s easy for sugar addicts to rebound and relapse when they still have sugars — even sneaky ones — in their diets. This can be attributed to a priming-type effect, where a little makes us want more. Some “experts” claim that priming doesn’t happen with sugar (the term came from drug addiction literature), but decades of experience have shown me that it absolutely does.
Clients have told me that starting the day with orange juice, for example, sets them up to crave sweet foods all day long. Frankly, I don’t care if the clients can cite a reference in a science journal; I just listen to them and help them conquer their sugar addiction.
Loophole Thinking
As a result of continuing to eat sugar in small amounts, addicts may start looking for Loopholes — substitutes for sugary foods or ways to sneak sugar into their diets. They begin eating extra dairy or using agave or artificial sweeteners while telling themselves they’re “off” sugar. Some substitutes can be addictive in themselves. I had a client who was even more hooked on aspartame than she was on “real” sugar. Some addicts use diet colas for their fix. And let’s not even get started on fruit sugar, fructose. It’s the worst of all — and makes sucrose the junk it is.
Tastes Won’t Change
Sugar addicts who taper may never acquire a taste for healthful foods. Their tastes are still oriented toward sweet, maybe in smaller amounts than they used to eat. This is especially true where vegetables are concerned. I’m forever pushing vegetables on my clients (just ask them), but the ones who are most severely addicted to sugar typically say they hate vegetables. It’s fairly obvious that the reason is vegetables aren’t sweet.
(That’s why I’m against that 5-a-Day rule. It’s supposed to refer to fruits and vegetables, but sugar addicts will turn it into all fruits, given the chance.)
Excess Insulin
Advocates of tapering don’t seem to know that sugar addiction is often grounded in carbohydrate sensitivity. Carb-sensitive people release high insulin when they eat sugar, including fruit and syrups. Artificial sweeteners can trigger insulin in carb sensitives, as well.
Carb sensitivity is not the only factor in sugar addiction, but it can be directly related to health issues. For optimal health, we want to release just enough insulin to do the job and no more. Excess insulin has been associated with a large number of diseases — most of the ones we tend to die from in the US.
The Bottom Line
As you see, a plan that encourages semi-recovery from sugar addiction can result in priming, a diet that’s still oriented toward sweet foods, long-term preference for fruits over vegetables, continued cravings, excess insulin if substitute foods are big insulin triggers, and possible relapse.
I want better for my clients with sugar addiction. I want them to gain optimal health AND the self-confidence that comes from knowing they didn’t just stop using sugar halfway (and maybe relapse), but quit it completely.
True observation: I’ve had quite a few class participants who were unable to focus for more than 30 seconds at a time. No exaggeration. It was particularly noticeable in rowing (it’s easier to hide on a bike), and usually coincided with the fact that they were vegetarians.
Another rowing instructor told me that someone in his class “can’t focus longer than 30 seconds.” When I asked, it turned out the man in question was a vegetarian.
Yes, I realize not every vegetarian lacks focus. However, the rowers who couldn’t stick with the training for more than 30 seconds were invariably vegetarians.
The advice I gave to my students and to the other instructor was to increase protein. This has to mean “real” protein, so the tricky part is finding an acceptable form of protein that a vegetarian is willing to eat. When I explained to one participant the brain chemistry of protein and how it affects focus, he was willing to add fish and shrimp to his diet. Within a few days, things had turned around, and he had no difficulty focusing on the rowing workout.
Which brings me to that vegetarian beans-and-rice thing.
You’ve probably heard it. Beans and rice make up an often-touted vegetarian meal that is said to provide Complete Proteins. For those who are unfamiliar with the idea of complete proteins, it has to do with the fact that proteins are made of amino acids, the Building Blocks of Protein, as they told us in 7th grade biology.
When we eat animal proteins — fish, poultry, grass-fed beef, eggs, yogurt with 18 or more grams of protein per serving, for example — we get all the amino acids necessary for human metabolic function. When we eat vegetable sources of protein, some amino acids are missing from the foods. Other foods can provide the missing aminos and complete the spectrum.
But neither rice nor beans contain much protein; both foods are primarily carbohydrate (starch). So beans and rice together provide the complete list of amino acids but still give us only a small amount of protein overall. Lots of starch, though. The effect of starch on brain chemistry is completely different from that of protein.
As mentioned in a previous post, protein increases production of dopamine and norepinephrine by providing tyrosine and phenylalanine, the amino acid precursors. Dopamine and norepinephrine are alertness and focus chemicals. Carbs tend to raise serotonin levels, which make us relaxed, drowsy, and even “spacey”.
Vegetarians no longer suggest combining proteins at a given meal; that concept is long outdated. But ignoring it can make things even worse for someone who tends to space out without animal protein.
It’s not my place to tell vegetarians to stop being vegetarians. But I wish vegetarians would stop calling rice and beans protein foods.
If you have students who have trouble focusing — and I wonder if people who have the problem even know it — a good recommendation might be to add some form of animal protein to the diet.
If that’s out of the question (obviously, people are vegetarians for different reasons), at least add a serving of high-quality vegetable protein powder to every meal to provide the complete amino acid spectrum.
Incidentally, vegans often have screaming cravings for sugar, and again the answer starts with protein. Cravings are a brain chemical thing. For vegans with cravings, vegetable protein powder might be the only road to a solution.
Amy and I are in Santa Monica, CA this week for the MINDBODY Bold convention. I knew I would have a bunch of downtime and did a search for classes near our hotel. Imagine my delight at discovering a SoulCycle just a few blocks away 🙂
We attended a sold out class there Sunday morning at 9:00. The Instructor's name was Heather P and it was very easy to see why people (primarily women 20-40 years old) are in love with these classes.
I also attended a second class (about 85% full) on Tuesday 10/14 with a different Instructor. Please keep in mind that what follows is my first hand experiences, based on taking two classes at the Santa Monica location.
It's all about the details.
The whole experience (registration, welcome, pre-class, the class, post class) had me understanding why they are so successful. SoulCycle is a well-oiled machine designed and scripted to deliver their product very efficiently. Their attention to detail is remarkable and IMO a large reason for their success is based on how well they appear to have refined (and execute) even very small details.
I've got a lot to tell you – I may end up breaking this into a few posts – so lets get started.
Registration
First time participants get a discount ($20 vs $34) and free ($3) shoe rental – but you can't sign up online if you want the deal– you need to call the studio directly. A very pleasant young lady answered the phone, asking me my questions (mine was; “who's class should I take?), took my information and smoothly asked for my credit card info to confirm my appointment.
So why do you force me to call? I'm on your website. You could easily provide a “first timers click here” button, but SoulCycle wants me to call them. WHY? I've been thinking about this question since last week. Probably overthinking it. They say the simplest explanation is typically the right one: SoulCycle wants to make a personal connection with their customers right from the beginning – before they ever set foot in their studio.
A nice touch – would that make sense for your studio?
After getting the recommendation to take Heather P's class, I was asked where I wanted to ride. I asked for two bikes near the front – they reserve the front row for regulars I think. This is important as these experienced riders tend to lead the class as Heather was off the bike for at least half the class.
After the call I received a series of emails; a CC receipt and a Welcome to SoulCycle email that included the image above.
Welcome to SoulCycle
Amy and I had a short walk from our hotel and I have to admit I was a little apprehensive about the experience I was about have. There were three, friendly, young people behind the counter. We introduced ourselves and one of the attendants found our names on a printed class attendance list. Next to each of our names was a purple check mark, indicating we were first time riders. Another nice touch – this list was given to the Instructor so she would know who's new and she made a point of greeting us before class started.
What else can we provide for you two? I had purposely left my bike shoes at home, preferring to try out their rental shoes. I gave her my shoe size and she quickly handed me a pair of generic road shoes with LOOK cleats. LOOK cleats? Not SPD's? That didn't make sense to me and I wasn't able to get any information about why LOOK instead of SPD. Amy's idea was that LOOK cleats maybe easier to get in & out of?
Key Studio Room Details
Arrow pointing out Instructor monitor speaker
By all appearances, the studio is exactly the right size for the 60 cycles they have. There isn't room for anything else! Each bike is set very close to the others in the row. The rearward end of the seat slider in front of me sits right below the end of my bike's handlebars. The back 4 rows are raised theater style.
Some people might not like how cramped this studio is. My initial reaction was just that; too many people squeezed into a small space. But by this time I was seeing how SoulCycle doesn't appear to do anything without a purpose. As I watched the others ride, it became obvious that the closeness (we're all part of the same tribe) was another part of the charm that is this brand + with each bike potentially bringing in $2,000 a week, I'd pack them in as well plus have a few hanging from the ceiling if I could find a way for a person to ride it!
Rubber flooring – what a relief to have something other than slippery polished stone or bamboo flooring to walk on wearing cycling shoes 🙂
Instructor monitor speaker – even though this is a small space, having a monitor speaker (so the Instructor hears & can adjust her mic/music ratio) is crucial for keeping your vocal cues intelligible along with loud music.
Those candles are electric – which was a bit disappointing. Here I kept hearing about the candles – maybe they are real at some of the other studios.
Two exits – a small thing but I've been frustrated in other studios trying to get in or out.
Ventilation – minimal and yet it never felt stuffy… nor did the mirrors fog up like I certain LifeTime club I'm aware of.
The SoulCycle Indoor Cycle
Amy wasn't crazy about the saddle and I didn't notice either way. About 70% of this class was standing so it really didn't matter.
I don't think you can buy enough for a full studio, but you can purchase the Indoor Cycles used at SoulCycle studios for use at home. These cycles are of their very own design and my understanding is that they're manufactured in the same factories that make other brands.
Conventional weighted flywheel with friction resistance. These things are very heavy bikes = solid and stable. The ride is very smooth and I found the resistance very progressive. There's no computer/console of any type and the only thing out of the ordinary are the cages that hold your weights. Every bike uses reversible LOOK/SPD pedals. There is no shoe basket option for using fitness shoes – an important detail as I'll explain in a moment.
I quickly found a setting that had me comfortable in and out of the saddle. Amy said she got close, but didn't feel completely right and she wasn't a fan of that sculpted saddle. I should note that we didn't identify ourselves as Instructors, but I was wearing Pearl bibs which obviously identifies me as someone with some level of bicycle experience. Although we were told at check-in that someone would be there to help set us up, no one did. There were three assistants in the room, so my assumption is that if we had looked clueless (or asked) someone would have been there to help.
Key Bike Details
As you can guess, you move around on the bike a lot in these classes vs. more cycling specific formats. The rock solid stability of the SoulCycle bike instills a lot of confidence in the rider that it isn't going anywhere. After the class I tried lifting one end and those things must be made out of cast iron they're so heavy. Every bike was spotless and appear to be very well maintained despite 60+ classes offered there each week.
If you're going to move around safely, it's important that your feet stay connected to the pedals. The LOOK cleats on my bike and SPD's on Amy's bike were adjusted quite tightly, requiring more rotational force than typical to release. You don't want your release settings too high on a road bike, but to me, tight = safe indoors.
Before taking this class, I had looked at shoe rentals as a convenience you offer to riders. Now I recognise that having a policy where everyone is securely clipped in would be a real safety enhancement. Shoe baskets (AKA Toe clips) may be more accommodating for new people, but they're truly a pain and could actually have potential safety issues when compared to cleated shoes:
Cleated shoes offer a very secure, positive engagement vs. shoe baskets that may or may not be fastened securely – or stay fastened if the strap isn't routed correctly through the capture mechanism.
Cleated shoes have better foot alignment – how your foot is positioned on the pedals can have a big effect on your knees. Don't believe me? Next time on the bike rotate your heals in and watch where your knees end up. Knee over pedal needs to be in two planes; fore/aft and side to side.
Cleated shoes control the position of the ball of your foot over the pedal spindle – this can vary wildly with different size feet in shoe baskets.
Cleated shoes have solid bottoms = much more comfortable when standing regardless of how much out of the saddle riding you do.
If your studio offers unconventional classes similar to SoulCycle, I see a policy of only allowing cleated shoes as a Best Practice to ensure your riders safety + at $3.00 a rental (your first class rental is free) it could be a nice source of additional revenue.
